Effect of Prosthesis and Pickup Materials on the Bond Strength of Temporary Cylinders in Full-Arch Implant-Supported...

To investigate the effects of prosthesis and pickup materials on the shear bond strength and failure modes of temporary cylinders in full-arch implant-supported interim prostheses.

A fully edentulous study model with four implants was prepared, and full-arch interim prostheses were fabricated from either 3D-printed nanoceramic hybrid resin or heat-cured acrylic resin (n = 9 per material). Titanium temporary cylinders were connected to the implants, and three pickup materials were applied to secure the cylinders in the prostheses: acrylic resin, modified acrylic resin, and bis-acryl composite resin. After polymerization, cylinders were subjected to a push-out test, and maximum force and shear bond strength were calculated (n = 12 per group). Failure modes were classified as adhesive, cohesive, or mixed. Statistical analyses included Kruskal-Wallis with post hoc Dunn's tests, Mann-Whitney U, and mixed-effects modeling (α = .05).

Maximum push-out force and shear bond strength differed significantly among pickup materials (P < .001), with acrylic and modified acrylic resins showing the highest values and bis-acryl composite resin the lowest. 3D-printed prostheses generally exhibited higher bond strength and cylinder retention than did heat-cured prostheses, although push-out differences were not significant. Failure modes were mainly adhesive, with minor cohesive remnants for acrylic and modified acrylic resins, while bis-acryl composite resin showed adhesive failure with material fragmentation.

Acrylic-based pickup materials provided higher shear bond strength than bis-acryl composite resin, and 3D-printed nanoceramic hybrid resin prostheses offered superior bonding performance compared with heat-cured acrylic resin prostheses.