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Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on pediatric intestinal intussusception in the United States

Rama S Ayyala1,2, Shireen Hayatghaibi3,4, Jonathan R Dillman3,4

  • 1Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnett Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA. rama.ayyala@cchmc.org.

Pediatric Radiology
|January 2, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Public health measures for COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) likely reduced pediatric intussusception diagnoses in 2020. Cases rebounded in 2021, suggesting a temporary effect of these interventions on viral illness transmission.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health Interventions

Background:

  • Non-pharmaceutical interventions for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) reduced transmission of other viruses.
  • A potential association exists between viral illnesses and ileocolic intussusception.
  • Understanding these trends is crucial for pediatric healthcare.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in pediatric intussusception incidence, diagnosis, and management in the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To assess the impact of COVID-19 mitigation strategies on intussusception rates.
  • To provide data for future public health and clinical practice guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cross-sectional study utilizing the Pediatric Hospital Information System (2018-2021).
  • Inclusion criteria: Children aged 0-17 years with primary diagnosis of intussusception (ICD-10: K56.1).
  • Statistical analysis: Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests comparing pre-COVID (2018-2019) and COVID-19 (2020-2021) periods.

Main Results:

  • A total of 8,143 intussusception encounters were analyzed.
  • Diagnoses decreased significantly in 2020 (1,480) compared to 2018 (2,171) and 2019 (2,321), returning to pre-pandemic levels in 2021 (2,171).
  • Surgical treatment proportion saw a significant increase in 2020 compared to 2019 and 2021, but not 2018.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric intussusception diagnoses nationally declined in 2020, with a subsequent increase in 2021.
  • This trend may represent a beneficial secondary effect of public health measures implemented to control COVID-19 spread.
  • Further research can explore the specific viral links and long-term impacts.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenCoronavirus diseaseIntussusceptionPediatric Hospital Information SystemUltrasound

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