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Related Concept Videos

The Blood-brain Barrier00:49

The Blood-brain Barrier

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Overview
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Physiological Barriers01:25

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Physiological barriers are semi-permeable cellular structures restricting drug diffusion into intracellular compartments and tissues. There are six types of physiological barriers: blood endothelial, cell membrane, blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood-placenta, and blood-testis barriers.
The blood endothelial barrier is the most porous of these. It allows all small ionized, un-ionized, and lipophilic molecules to pass through the endothelial lining into the interstitial space...
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Factors Affecting Drug Distribution: Physiological Barriers01:23

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Drug distribution in the body is intricately regulated by various physiological barriers that control the passage of substances. These include the capillary endothelial barrier, the blood-brain, blood-cerebrospinal fluid, blood-placental, and blood-testis barriers.
The capillary endothelial barrier allows only smaller molecules below 600 Da (Daltons) to pass through. It also restricts drugs like heparin that are bound to blood components, limiting their movement within the bloodstream.
The...
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[MPS for Blood Brain Barrier].

Kaoru Sato1, Michiya Matsusaki2

  • 1Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences.

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|January 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain but hinders drug development. Humanized BBB Micro Physiological Systems (MPS) are crucial for predicting drug efficacy and safety.

Keywords:
blood brain barrier (BBB)drug developmentmicrofluidicsmicrophysiological systemthree dimensional culture

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a protective interface unique to brain vasculature.
  • It prevents xenobiotics entry but complicates drug development by hindering prediction of toxicokinetics, toxicodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics.
  • Understanding BBB physiology is vital for advancing brain-targeted therapeutics.

Approach:

  • This review details the physiological importance of the BBB.
  • It explains the necessity for humanized BBB Micro Physiological Systems (MPS).
  • It covers the foundational engineering and biological technologies underpinning BBB MPS development.

Key Points:

  • BBB MPS integrates engineering and biological disciplines.
  • Recent advancements focus on enhancing human predictability in BBB models.
  • Key trends include applying shear stress in microfluidic systems and utilizing 3D culture for cellular architecture replication.

Conclusions:

  • Humanized BBB MPS are essential for overcoming drug development challenges.
  • Technological integration is key to creating more predictive in vitro BBB models.
  • Future BBB MPS aim to improve translation of preclinical findings to clinical outcomes.