Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 15, 2025
07:08
Optimization of Synthetic Proteins: Identification of Interpositional Dependencies Indicating Structurally and/or Functionally Linked Residues
Published on: July 14, 2015
7.4K
Expanding the viewpoint: Leveraging sequence information in enzymology
Hayley L Knox1, Karen N Allen1
1Department of Chemistry, Boston University, 590 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215-2521, USA.
Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|January 4, 2023
Summary
Genomic enzymology uses bioinformatics to study enzyme evolution, function, and mechanisms. This approach reveals new enzymes, pathways, and reactions beyond single-enzyme studies.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry and Bioinformatics
- Genomic Enzymology
Background:
- Protein sequence analysis has become crucial in understanding enzyme structure, mechanism, and function over the last 20 years.
- Genomic enzymology leverages bioinformatic tools for enzyme research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight advances in genomic enzymology.
- To demonstrate how this approach addresses complex problems intractable by single-enzyme analysis.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing bioinformatic tools like sequence similarity networks and phylogenetic analyses.
- Holistic examination of enzyme superfamilies.
Main Results:
- Identification of novel substrates and metabolites.
- Discovery of new metabolic pathways.
- Uncovering unexpected enzymatic reaction mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Genomic enzymology provides powerful insights into enzyme evolution and function.
- This field enables the discovery of new biological functions and mechanisms.
- It offers a broader perspective than traditional single-enzyme studies.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Enzyme Kinetics
97.6K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
97.6K
01:19Introduction to Enzyme Kinetics
20.3K
Enzyme kinetics studies the rates of biochemical reactions. Scientists monitor the reaction rates for a particular enzymatic reaction at various substrate concentrations. Additional trials with inhibitors or other molecules that affect the reaction rate may also be performed.
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
The experimenter can then plot the initial reaction rate or velocity (Vo) of a given trial against the substrate concentration ([S]) to obtain a graph of the reaction properties. For many enzymatic reactions involving a...
20.3K
01:22Introduction to Enzymes
19.0K
The use of enzymes by humans dates to 7000 BCE. Humans first used enzymes to ferment sugars and produce alcohol without knowing that this was an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Wilhelm Kuhne coined the term 'enzyme' in 1877 from the Greek words ‘en’ meaning ‘in’ or ‘within’ and ‘zyme’ meaning ‘yeast.’
Most enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed. Enzymes contain one or more active sites that...
Most enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed. Enzymes contain one or more active sites that...
19.0K
02:34Enzymes
82.1K
Inside living organisms, enzymes act as catalysts for many biochemical reactions involved in cellular metabolism. The role of enzymes is to reduce the activation energies of biochemical reactions by forming complexes with its substrates. The lowering of activation energies favor an increase in the rates of biochemical reactions.
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
Enzyme deficiencies can often translate into life-threatening diseases. For example, a genetic abnormality resulting in the deficiency of the enzyme G6PD...
82.1K
01:13Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis
8.4K
For many years, scientists thought that enzyme-substrate binding took place in a simple "lock-and-key" fashion. This model stated that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit. The induced-fit model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. As the enzyme and substrate come together, their interaction causes...
8.4K
01:07Catalytically Perfect Enzymes
4.1K
The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.
Most enzymes...
Most enzymes...
4.1K