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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

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Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
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Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

31
Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
31
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
46
Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care01:27

Coronary Artery Disease V: Interprofessional Care

22
Interprofessional care for coronary artery disease includes pharmacological therapy and revascularization procedures.Pharmacological therapy for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) aims to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and improve patient outcomes through various classes of medications:Antiplatelet Agents:Aspirin and Clopidogrel: These medications inhibit platelet aggregation, preventing blood clots, which is crucial for avoiding heart attacks and strokes. Doctors often prescribe these...
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Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

24
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

20
Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
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NATURal history of coronary PlaquE on cardiac computed tomography in individuals without MACE or lipid-lowering therapy: NATURE-CTstudy.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Identifying Coronary Artery Calcification on Non-gated Computed Tomography Scans
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Major Global Coronary Artery Calcium Guidelines.

Ilana S Golub1, Orly G Termeie1, Stephanie Kristo1

  • 1Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.

JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging
|January 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Global guidelines for coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring show more similarities than differences in assessing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. Understanding these parallels aids personalized prevention strategies and treatment decisions.

Keywords:
American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA)Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS)Cardiac Society of Australia and New Zealand (CSANZ)Clinical Practice GuidelinesEuropean Society for Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society (ESC/EAS)Japanese Atherosclerosis Society (JAS)National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseasecardiovascular diseasecomputed tomography angiographycoronary artery calcium

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Author Spotlight: Advancing Cardiovascular Imaging - Introducing the Spatially Weighted Calcium Score for Early Disease Detection
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring is a key tool for assessing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk.
  • Global guidelines provide frameworks for CAC application in clinical practice and preventive therapy.
  • Variations in guidelines can impact risk stratification and treatment recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare and contrast international guidelines on CAC scoring for ASCVD risk assessment.
  • To identify common features and significant differences in global CAC recommendations.
  • To emphasize the role of CAC in primary and secondary prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of major international guidelines on CAC scoring.
  • Inclusion of guidelines from North America, Europe, Australia, China, and Japan.
  • Analysis of statements from specialty societies including the National Lipid Association and Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography.

Main Results:

  • International guidelines share notable commonalities in the application of CAC for ASCVD risk assessment.
  • Differences exist in specific CAC score intervals, risk cut points, and treatment thresholds.
  • All guidelines underscore the importance of CAC in guiding preventive therapy and pharmacotherapy.

Conclusions:

  • Despite minor variations, international CAC guidelines demonstrate substantial agreement.
  • Clinician-patient collaboration and individualized care are emphasized across guidelines.
  • Understanding guideline parallels is crucial for optimizing statin and aspirin therapy decisions.