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Landmark-dependent Navigation Strategy Declines across the Human Life-Span: Evidence from Over 37,000 Participants.

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Navigation strategies change with age. Landmark use declines in older adults, impacting spatial memory performance, as shown in a large-scale study using the Sea Hero Quest game.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Navigation

Background:

  • Human navigation strategies evolve across the lifespan.
  • Previous studies on age-related navigation changes used small sample sizes.
  • Mobile games offer a platform for large-scale cognitive research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate virtual navigation strategies and memory performance in a large cohort.
  • To examine age-related changes in landmark and counting-based navigation.
  • To correlate navigation strategy with reference and working memory errors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the mobile game Sea Hero Quest with over 37,000 participants.
  • Assessed navigation in a radial arm maze, distinguishing between open and closed pathways.
  • Calculated reference and working memory errors and surveyed strategy preference (landmark vs. counting).

Main Results:

  • Landmark-based navigation strategy use decreased linearly with increasing age.
  • Participants using landmark strategies exhibited better reference memory performance.
  • Findings align with laboratory studies on age-related declines in landmark-dependent navigation.

Conclusions:

  • Age significantly impacts spatial navigation strategy, with a decline in landmark use.
  • Landmark-based navigation is associated with superior reference memory in adults.
  • Large-scale mobile gaming studies can effectively investigate cognitive aging and navigation.