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The CaSR/TRPV4 coupling mediates pro-inflammatory macrophage function.

Xiongying Chen1, Wei Lu2, Cheng Lu3

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Acta Physiologica (Oxford, England)
|January 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and TRPV4 channels coordinate macrophage polarization via calcium signaling. This CaSR-TRPV4 coupling promotes M1 macrophage polarization, offering potential therapeutic targets for immune diseases.

Keywords:
Ca2+IL-1βTNFɑTRPV4 channelscalcium-sensing receptormacrophage polarization

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Macrophages play critical roles in immune responses.
  • Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channels are expressed on macrophages.
  • The coordinated function of CaSR and TRPV4 in macrophage polarization remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the coupling between CaSR and TRPV4 channels in macrophages.
  • To determine if this coupling mediates macrophage polarization via calcium (Ca2+) signaling.
  • To elucidate the downstream pathways involved in CaSR-TRPV4 mediated macrophage function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated peritoneal macrophages (PMs) from wild-type (WT) and TRPV4 knockout (TRPV4 KO) mice.
  • Analyzed CaSR and TRPV4 expression and function using immunofluorescence and digital Ca2+ imaging.
  • Quantified M1 polarization markers (CCR7, IL-1β, TNFα) via q-PCR, western blot, and ELISA.

Main Results:

  • CaSR activation induced significant Ca2+ signaling in PMs, predominantly via extracellular Ca2+ entry, which was blocked by CaSR and TRPV4 inhibitors.
  • CaSR-induced Ca2+ signaling was significantly reduced in TRPV4 KO mice PMs compared to WT.
  • CaSR activation promoted M1 macrophage polarization, evidenced by increased IL-1β and TNFα expression, which was attenuated in TRPV4 KO mice.

Conclusions:

  • A novel coupling between CaSR and TRPV4 channels, mediated by phospholipase A2 (PLA2)/cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and phospholipase C (PLC)/Protein kinase C (PKC) pathways, was identified.
  • This CaSR-TRPV4-Ca2+ signaling axis promotes M1 macrophage polarization.
  • Modulating this pathway presents a potential therapeutic strategy for immune-related diseases.