Pancreatic Stones and Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy: A Review of the Literature

Pancreatic stones are sequelae of chronic pancreatitis, resulting in poor quality of life, frequent hospitalizations, and a significant economic burden. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) can be used to treat pancreatic stones and is less invasive when compared to other modalities. In this review article, we have discussed the role of ESWL in the treatment of pancreatic stones and how it differs from other modalities. Databases were searched electronically for articles discussing the treatment of pancreatic ductal stones by ESWL or other modalities. Articles discussing or comparing treatment success rates were preferentially included. An inductive approach was used to identify articles related to the treatment of pancreatic stones with ESWL throughout the review process. Although laser lithotripsy and electrohydraulic lithotripsy appear to have higher success rates, the potential for ESWL to affect clinical outcomes is substantial, especially in individuals with a higher risk for invasive procedures. The decision to perform ESWL should be considered if the outcome will substantially alter the clinical management when performed by an experienced endoscopist. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to compare ESWL and peroral pancreatic lithotripsy methods.