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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Harnessing quantum correlations is key for advanced quantum technologies.
  • Nonclassical states of light exhibit unique properties beyond classical physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate nonlinear squeezing effects of polarization states of light.
  • To develop a method for quantifying quantum effects using nonlinear Stokes operators.
  • To experimentally validate the concept using efficient quantum light sources and detection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing polarization-entangled light sources and click-counting measurements.
  • Deriving theoretical bounds for moments of nonlinear Stokes operators.
  • Employing a spectrally decorrelated type-II phase-matched waveguide in a Sagnac interferometer for efficient source generation.
  • Using an eight-time-bin quasi-photon-number-resolving detection system.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated nonlinear polarization squeezing in up to eighth-order correlations.
  • Experimental results matched theoretical predictions for macroscopic Bell states.
  • Certified nonclassical correlations with high statistical significance, robust to experimental imperfections.
  • Showcased the ability to identify nonclassicality in noisy quantum states undetectable by linear methods.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlinear polarization squeezing offers a robust method for detecting nonclassical correlations.
  • The developed technique surpasses limitations of linear squeezing criteria for noisy quantum states.
  • This work advances quantum state characterization and opens avenues for quantum information processing.