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Trauma Incidence During the New Jersey COVID-19 Stay-At-Home Order: A Multicenter Study
Jeremy M Badach1, Rebecca Platoff1, Deviney Rattigan2
1Cooper University Hospital, Department of Surgery, Camden, New Jersey.
The Journal of Surgical Research
|January 7, 2023
Summary
New Jersey's COVID-19 stay-at-home order did not decrease trauma admissions but shifted injury types. Trauma patients during the order had more penetrating injuries and similar resource utilization compared to the prior year.
Area of Science:
- Trauma surgery
- Public health policy
- Epidemiology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic prompted widespread public health interventions, including stay-at-home orders.
- New Jersey experienced an early surge of COVID-19 cases, leading to a statewide executive order (EO) on March 22, 2020.
- The impact of this EO on trauma admissions and resource utilization in New Jersey trauma centers was unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effect of the COVID-19 stay-at-home order on trauma admissions in New Jersey.
- To analyze changes in the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of trauma patients during the EO period.
- To assess the impact on resource utilization, including length of stay and intensive care unit days.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective, multicenter study was conducted, analyzing data from three Level I trauma centers in New Jersey.
- Trauma registries were queried for the period of the EO (March 22 to June 14, 2020) and compared to the same timeframe in 2019.
- Data collected included demographics, injury mechanisms, injury severity, resource utilization, and patient outcomes.
Main Results:
- A total of 1859 trauma patients were evaluated during the EO, compared to 2201 the previous year, indicating a similar volume of injured patients.
- During the EO, patients were less likely to be transferred from other hospitals but more likely to have penetrating injuries.
- There were no significant differences in injury severity, need for procedures, ventilator days, intensive care unit days, or length of stay.
Conclusions:
- The 2020 COVID-19 executive order in New Jersey was associated with a shift in trauma patient epidemiology, characterized by an increased proportion of penetrating injuries.
- Despite the EO, the overall volume of trauma patients evaluated remained similar to the previous year.
- Resource utilization and patient outcomes, such as length of stay, did not significantly change during the executive order period.
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