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Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Based on Frequency Difference-Wavenumber Analysis for Sparse Vertical Array

Donghyeon Kim1, Gihoon Byun1, Jeasoo Kim2

  • 1Department of Convergence Study on the Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea.

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|January 8, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Frequency-wavenumber (f-k) analysis estimates signal direction. A new frequency difference-wavenumber (Δf-k) analysis improves direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for sparse arrays, overcoming spatial aliasing issues.

Keywords:
direction-of-arrival estimationfrequency difference-wavenumber analysissparse vertical array configurationspatial aliasing

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Area of Science:

  • Acoustics
  • Signal Processing
  • Oceanography

Background:

  • Frequency-wavenumber (f-k) analysis is a standard technique for estimating the direction of arrival (DOA) of broadband signals using vertical arrays.
  • Sparse receiver arrays can lead to spatial aliasing, causing errors and multiple patterns in the f-k domain, hindering accurate DOA estimation.
  • Existing f-k analysis methods struggle with sparse arrays due to numerous sidelobes that obscure DOA estimates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To extend f-k analysis for accurate DOA estimation using sparse receiver arrays.
  • To introduce and validate a novel frequency difference-wavenumber (Δf-k) analysis method.
  • To address the challenge of spatial aliasing in DOA estimation with sparse arrays.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the frequency difference-wavenumber (Δf-k) analysis by incorporating the concept of frequency difference.
  • Application of the Δf-k analysis to sparse vertical array configurations.
  • Experimental validation using recorded cracking sounds from snapping shrimps in a shallow water environment.

Main Results:

  • The proposed Δf-k analysis effectively resolves DOA estimation issues caused by spatial aliasing in sparse arrays.
  • The method demonstrated robustness in estimating the DOA of broadband signals.
  • Successful application to real-world data of snapping shrimp sounds recorded with a sparse vertical array.

Conclusions:

  • The Δf-k analysis provides a robust solution for DOA estimation with sparse arrays, overcoming limitations of traditional f-k analysis.
  • This technique enhances the capability to analyze acoustic signals in environments where sparse array configurations are necessary.
  • The findings have implications for underwater acoustic monitoring and source localization using sparse sensing systems.