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Tool parameters to minimize temperature changes in bone drilling.

Emily A Schofield¹, Samantha L Reiss¹, Andrea Espina Rey¹

¹University of Central Florida College of Medicine 6850 Lake Nona Blvd, Orlando, FL 32827 United States.

|January 9, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Orthopedic drilling increases temperature, potentially harming bone tissue. This study found that while higher speeds and larger bits raise temperatures, they remained below the critical limit for osteonecrosis in porcine models.

Keywords:

Bone Chondrocytes Drilling Osteonecrosis Temperature effects

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Biomedical Engineering
Surgical Technology

Background:

Drilling in orthopedic surgery generates heat, risking cell damage and osteonecrosis.
The threshold for preventing osteonecrosis is <47°C for 60s.
Optimal drilling parameters and effects on osteochondral tissue remain under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the thermal effects of varying drill tool speeds and bit sizes on osteochondral tissue.
To determine if specific drilling parameters exceed the osteonecrosis temperature limit.
To test the hypothesis that increased tool speed and drill bit size elevate temperature.

Main Methods:

Ex-vivo porcine shoulder joints were used for thermal effect testing.
A thermal camera monitored real-time temperature changes during drilling.
Statistical analyses included Welch's ANOVA, multivariate linear regression, and surface response regression.

Main Results:

All tested combinations of tool speed and drill bit size resulted in temperatures below the 47°C osteonecrosis limit.
The maximum temperature recorded was 44°C.
Both increased tool speed and larger drill bit size correlated with increased temperature changes.

Conclusions:

Drilling parameters can be adjusted to manage heat generation during orthopedic procedures.
The tested parameters did not reach the critical temperature for osteonecrosis.
Further research into osteochondral drilling effects is warranted.