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Related Concept Videos

Symbiosis00:58

Symbiosis

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Symbiotic relationships are long-term, close interactions between individuals of different species that affect the distribution and abundance of those species. When a relationship is beneficial to both species, this is called mutualism. When the relationship is beneficial to one species but neither beneficial nor harmful to the other species, this is called commensalism. When one organism is harmed to benefit another, the relationship is known as parasitism. These types of relationships often...
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Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
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Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.
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Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.
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Daily Transfers, Archiving Populations, and Measuring Fitness in the Long-Term Evolution Experiment with Escherichia coli
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Evaluating coevolution in a horizontally transmitted mutualism.

Kayla S Stoy1, Joselyne Chavez1, Valeria De Las Casas1

  • 1Department of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|January 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Coevolutionary dynamics in insect-bacteria symbioses are unclear. This study found generalist interactions between squash bugs (Anasa tristis) and their symbionts, challenging pairwise coevolutionary predictions.

Keywords:
coevolutionlocal adaptationmutualismspecializationsymbiosistransmission mode

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Interspecific interactions are often shaped by coevolutionary processes.
  • Transmission modes (vertical vs. horizontal) are hypothesized to influence coevolutionary opportunities in symbiotic relationships.
  • The role of coevolution in horizontally transmitted symbioses remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate signatures of pairwise coevolution in a tractable insect-bacteria symbiosis.
  • To assess host-symbiont specialization patterns as an indicator of coevolution.
  • To clarify the dynamics underlying horizontally transmitted symbioses.

Main Methods:

  • Examined host-symbiont specialization in Anasa tristis squash bugs and their native Caballeronia spp. symbionts.
  • Assessed patterns of local adaptation between sympatric insect and bacterial lineages.
  • Investigated specialization between multiple Anasa host species and their co-localized symbionts.

Main Results:

  • No evidence of local adaptation was found between Anasa tristis and their Caballeronia symbionts across the native range.
  • No evidence of specialization was observed between three sympatric Anasa host species and their native symbionts.
  • The interaction appears to be characterized by generalist dynamics.

Conclusions:

  • The Anasa-Caballeronia symbiosis is maintained by generalist interactions rather than pairwise coevolution.
  • Diffuse coevolution or host selection for fixed cooperative traits may explain the observed generalist symbiont traits.
  • Findings challenge the direct link between horizontal transmission and reduced coevolutionary opportunities.