Relationship between degenerative scoliosis and lower extremity mechanical parameters based on EOS imaging system

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Radiology
• Biomechanical analysis

Background:

• Degenerative scoliosis (DS) is a spinal deformity impacting adults.
• Coronal imbalance is a key feature of DS, potentially affecting lower limb biomechanics.
• Understanding these biomechanical changes is crucial for managing DS.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between coronal imbalance and lower limb physiological parameters in degenerative scoliosis.
• To utilize the biplanar whole body imaging system (EOS) for precise measurements.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 101 EOS images (63 DS patients, 38 controls) from January 2018 to December 2021.
• Two independent observers measured coronal pelvic tilt angle (CPT), femoral length difference (ΔFL), and total lower limb length difference (ΔTL).
• Comparison of parameters between degenerative scoliosis and control groups.

Main Results:

• Significant differences observed in CPT, ΔFL, and ΔTL between groups.
• Increased degeneration in knee and ankle joints on the main curve side in DS patients.
• Statistical differences in joint degeneration severity were noted bilaterally.

Conclusions:

• Altered coronal balance in degenerative scoliosis is associated with significant lower limb biomechanical changes.
• The lower limb on the main curve side tends to be shorter.
• Increased degeneration in knee and ankle joints is a consequence of this imbalance.