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Fire effects on Atlantic Forest sites from a composition, structure and functional perspective.

L Z G Carvalho1, K G Massi1,2, M P Coutinho3

  • 1Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP, Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais - CEMADEN, Programa de Pós-graduação em Desastres Naturais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brasil.

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Atlantic Forest fires alter tree composition but not diversity or function. Pioneer species quickly recolonize burned areas, indicating rapid forest recovery after low-intensity fires.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Forestry
  • Tropical Ecology

Background:

  • Atlantic Forest biome faces increased forest fires, potentially altering vegetation.
  • Understanding these changes is crucial for tropical forest response to fire.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate differences in tree community diversity, structure, and functioning between burned and unburned sites.
  • Assess the impact of fire on floristic composition and functional traits.

Main Methods:

  • Floristic and phytosociological surveys in two burned and two unburned forest patches.
  • Calculated species richness, diversity index, tree density, basal area, and Importance Value Index.
  • Assessed community-weighted means of six functional traits.

Main Results:

  • Similar diversity, species richness, tree density, and basal area between burned and unburned sites.
  • Significant changes in floristic composition were observed.
  • No significant variations in functional traits were detected.

Conclusions:

  • Post-fire recovery in the Atlantic Forest appears rapid, with pioneer and early secondary species colonizing nine-year-old burned sites.
  • Low-intensity, anthropogenic fires can disrupt forest succession and initiate species turnover.