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Design Example

Design Example

The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...

Active Filters

Active Filters

Active filters are electronic circuits that use operational amplifiers (op-amps), resistors, and capacitors to filter out unwanted frequency components from a signal. A first-order low-pass active filter is designed to pass signals with a frequency lower than a certain cutoff frequency and attenuate frequencies higher than that cutoff frequency. The transfer function for a first-order low-pass active filter is:

Series Resonance

Series Resonance

The RLC circuit impedance is defined as the ratio of the supply voltage to the circuit current. Resonance in such a circuit occurs when the imaginary part of this impedance equals zero. This specific condition means that the inductive reactance is exactly equal to the capacitive reactance. The frequency at which this happens is known as the resonant frequency. Mathematically, the resonant frequency is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance (L) and capacitance...

Parallel Resonance

Parallel Resonance

The parallel RLC circuit is an arrangement where the resistor (R), inductor (L), and capacitor (C) are all connected to the same nodes and, as a result, share the same voltage across them. The parallel RLC circuit is analyzed in terms of admittance (Y), which reflects the ease with which current can flow. The admittance is given by:

The Antenna Complex

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Plants and other photosynthetic organisms comprise pigments capable of absorption of direct sunlight. These pigments are present in the reaction center - the main site of photochemical reactions as well as in the antenna complex. Under average light conditions, the rate at which reaction center pigments absorb light is far below the electron transport chain's capacity. As a result, the reaction center alone cannot provide enough energy to drive photosynthesis. The photosynthetic efficiency...

Passive Filters

Passive Filters

Passive filters are utilized to shape the frequency spectrum of signals across a diverse array of applications. These filters, using only passive elements like resistors (R), inductors (L), and capacitors (C), are capable of selectively allowing or blocking certain frequency ranges without the need for external power sources.
Low-Pass Filters
Low-pass filters are designed to transmit signals with frequencies lower than the cutoff frequency, ωc, and attenuate those above it. The cutoff...

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Terahertz antenna with tunable filtering.

Mohd Farman Ali, Zaid Jawed, Vinamra Raj

|January 11, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents a tunable terahertz (THz) antenna with filtering capabilities. The graphene-based design offers adjustable frequency and bandwidth for THz applications.

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Area of Science:

Terahertz (THz) technology
Antenna design
Metamaterials

Background:

Terahertz antennas are crucial for various applications, including imaging and spectroscopy.
Achieving tunable filtering in THz antennas remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and numerically investigate a novel terahertz antenna with tunable filtering characteristics.
To explore the use of graphene for achieving frequency and bandwidth tunability.

Main Methods:

A slotted monopole radiator with a defected ground structure was employed.
Numerical simulations were performed to analyze antenna performance.
Graphene's chemical potential was varied to achieve tunability.

Main Results:

The antenna demonstrated a wideband response from 3.80-11.98 THz (S₁₁ ≤ -10 dB).
Tunable filtering was achieved within the 5.05-6.69 THz band by adjusting graphene's chemical potential.
High radiation efficiency (>90%) and a peak gain of 6.6 dBi were obtained.

Conclusions:

The proposed terahertz antenna design successfully integrates tunable filtering capabilities.
Graphene integration offers a promising approach for dynamic control of frequency and bandwidth in THz antennas.
The antenna's performance characteristics make it suitable for advanced THz systems.