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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
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Positron Emission Tomography01:29

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
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Updated: Aug 14, 2025

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Radiation Exposure in Computed Tomography.

Denise Bos1, Nika Guberina, Sebastian Zensen

  • 1Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Radiation Therapy, West German Cancer Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Neuroradiology, Asklepios Klinikum Harburg, Hamburg, Germany.

Deutsches Arzteblatt International
|January 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Computed tomography (CT) scans are increasingly common, contributing significantly to medical radiation exposure. Understanding CT radiation risks and optimizing imaging techniques are crucial for patient safety.

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Physics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is integral to medical diagnosis and treatment across specialties.
  • Physicians require fundamental knowledge of CT procedures, appropriate utilization, and associated radiation risks.
  • The widespread application of CT necessitates a thorough understanding of its implications for patient safety.

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes information from a targeted literature search.
  • Analysis of existing publications forms the basis of the findings.
  • The study focuses on understanding radiation exposure from CT examinations.

Key Points:

  • Over 12 million CT scans are performed annually in Germany, with increasing frequency.
  • CT constitutes approximately 9% of all diagnostic procedures involving ionizing radiation.
  • CT accounts for over 60% of the collective effective dose from medical radiation exposure.
  • Ionizing radiation from CT poses stochastic and deterministic health risks.
  • A whole-body CT scan (20 mSv) can increase lifetime cancer mortality risk by approximately 0.1%.

Conclusions:

  • Rising CT utilization amplifies concerns regarding patient radiation exposure and associated risks.
  • Technological advancements are key to mitigating radiation doses.
  • Continuous dose monitoring and data analysis are essential for identifying areas of improvement.
  • The primary objective is to reduce patient radiation exposure while maintaining diagnostic image quality.