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Types of Signaling Molecules

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In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
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Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics
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Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

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Metabolites as signalling molecules.

Steven Andrew Baker1, Jared Rutter2,3,4

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. steven.baker@path.utah.edu.

Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology
|January 12, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metabolites are not just fuel for cells; they actively regulate cell behavior and function. This review explores how cellular metabolism, rather than just adapting to cell needs, critically controls cell phenotype and processes.

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Traditionally, cellular metabolism was viewed as passively meeting cellular demands.
  • Emerging evidence highlights metabolites as crucial signaling molecules beyond their metabolic roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expanding roles of metabolites in regulating cellular behavior.
  • To discuss the mechanisms linking metabolic pathways to cell function and phenotype.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for metabolic deregulation-related diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent investigations into metabolite signaling.
  • Synthesis of findings on novel roles of metabolites in cellular processes.
  • Analysis of the interplay between metabolism and cell phenotype.

Main Results:

  • Metabolites actively modulate metabolic pathways and regulatory proteins.
  • Metabolites influence diverse cellular processes including development, survival, differentiation, and immunity.
  • Cellular biochemistry is frequently governed by metabolism, challenging traditional views.

Conclusions:

  • Metabolites are key regulators of cell phenotype and behavior.
  • Further research is needed to uncover signaling metabolites and their targets.
  • Understanding these links can reveal drug targets for metabolic diseases.