Heterogeneous Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus Infections in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients - A
Sreejisha M1, Shalini Shenoy Mulki1, Suchitra Shenoy1
1Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, 575001, India.
Infection and Drug Resistance
|January 13, 2023
Summary
Diabetic patients face a higher risk of heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) infections, a significant finding for MRSA infection management. Early detection of hVISA in MRSA isolates is crucial, especially in diabetic populations.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a significant global health threat.
- Vancomycin is a critical antibiotic for treating MRSA infections, but resistance is emerging.
- Heterogeneous vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hVISA) presents a challenge due to reduced susceptibility to vancomycin.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate MRSA and hVISA infections in diabetic and non-diabetic patients.
- To compare the prevalence and characteristics of these infections between the two groups.
- To highlight the clinical implications of hVISA in specific patient populations.
Main Methods:
- MRSA strains were isolated from diabetic and non-diabetic patients in South India.
- Antimicrobial susceptibility, vancomycin MIC, and hVISA screening (vancomycin screen agar, PAP-AUC) were performed.
- Demographic and clinical data were collected, and statistical analysis (chi-square test) was conducted.
Main Results:
- MRSA was isolated from 33.1% of S. aureus strains, with a higher proportion from diabetic patients (55.5%).
- Diabetic patients had significantly more MRSA-related foot infections and osteomyelitis.
- The overall hVISA rate was 6.4%, with a higher prevalence in diabetic patients (9.0%) compared to non-diabetic patients (3.1%), though not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
- The study identified a higher prevalence of hVISA among MRSA isolates from diabetic patients.
- Diabetic patients exhibited a threefold increased risk of hVISA infection.
- Emphasizes the critical need for hVISA detection in MRSA isolates, particularly in diabetic patients, to guide effective treatment strategies.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Sputum Studies II: Culture and Sensitivity
509
Description
Sputum culture and sensitivity is a medical procedure used to diagnose bacterial infections in the respiratory tract and select the most appropriate antibiotics for treatment. This process involves analyzing sputum samples of thick and opaque secretions produced in the lungs and airways. These samples are collected from patients and then sent to the laboratory for analysis.
The test can identify various pathogens responsible for respiratory infections, including Streptococcus,...
Sputum culture and sensitivity is a medical procedure used to diagnose bacterial infections in the respiratory tract and select the most appropriate antibiotics for treatment. This process involves analyzing sputum samples of thick and opaque secretions produced in the lungs and airways. These samples are collected from patients and then sent to the laboratory for analysis.
The test can identify various pathogens responsible for respiratory infections, including Streptococcus,...
509
01:26Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test
80
A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
80