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Updated: Aug 14, 2025
Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs
Published on: August 8, 2022
Transcriptomic Changes toward Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells on 3D-Printed GelMA/CNC Hydrogel
Keya Ganguly1, Sayan Deb Dutta1, Aayushi Randhawa1,2
1Department of Biosystems Engineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Biomimetic soft hydrogels used in bone tissue engineering frequently produce unsatisfactory outcomes. Here, it is investigated how human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) differentiated into early osteoblasts on remarkably soft 3D hydrogel (70 ± 0.00049 Pa). Specifically, hBMSCs seeded onto cellulose nanocrystals incorporated methacrylate gelatin hydrogels are subjected to pulsatile pressure stimulation (PPS) of 5-20 kPa for 7 days. The PPS stimulates cellular processes such as mechanotransduction, cytoskeletal distribution, prohibition of oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, osteogenic marker gene expression, and osteo-specific cytokine secretions in hBMSCs on soft substrates. The involvement of Piezo 1 is the main ion channel involved in mechanotransduction. Additionally, RNA-sequencing results reveal differential gene expression concerning osteogenic differentiation, bone mineralization, ion channel activity, and focal adhesion. These findings suggest a practical and highly scalable method for promoting stem cell commitment to osteogenesis on soft matrices for clinical reconstruction.
