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Competing Vortex Topologies in Iron-Based Superconductors.

Lun-Hui Hu1,2,3, Xianxin Wu4,5, Chao-Xing Liu3

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.

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|January 13, 2023
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We propose a new theory for vortex Majorana physics in topological iron-based superconductors (TFeSCs). Normal-state Dirac nodes significantly influence vortex topology, revealing a hybrid topological state with Majorana bound states.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Physics

Background:

  • Topological iron-based superconductors (TFeSCs) are typically viewed as topological insulators with superconductivity.
  • Existing theories for vortex Majorana physics in TFeSCs often overlook the role of normal-state bulk Dirac nodes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a new theoretical framework for understanding vortex Majorana physics in TFeSCs.
  • To investigate the influence of normal-state Dirac nodes on the topological properties of superconducting vortices.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a new theoretical paradigm for vortex Majorana physics.
  • Analysis of the interplay between topological insulator and Dirac nodal bands in TFeSCs.
  • Construction of a minimal model for TFeSCs, including candidates like LiFeAs.

Main Results:

  • Normal-state bulk Dirac nodes are crucial in determining vortex state topology.
  • A novel hybrid topological vortex state, featuring Majorana bound states and gapless dispersion, is predicted.
  • This hybrid state can become trivial (Majorana-free) when rotational symmetry is broken, explaining experimental observations in LiFeAs.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed theory offers a more comprehensive understanding of vortex Majorana physics in TFeSCs.
  • It provides a unified framework to interpret Majorana signals in various TFeSC candidates.
  • The findings pave the way for experimental engineering of Majorana physics in high-temperature iron-based systems.