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    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a novel tunable mode converter for mode-division multiplexing (MDM) optical networks. The device uses micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) for dynamic control, enabling reconfigurable mode conversion in a compact chip-scale device.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Photonics
    • Optical Communications

    Background:

    • Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) significantly enhances optical network capacity.
    • Existing chip-scale MDM devices can switch mode orders but lack dynamic tunability.
    • Dynamically tunable mode-order conversion in a single compact device remains an unreported milestone.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a novel, reconfigurable mode conversion approach for MDM.
    • To achieve dynamic tuning of mode order using micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS).
    • To validate the approach through simulation and experimental measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing optical micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) to locally alter the effective index in an asymmetric coupler.
    • Employing simulations to model dynamic tuning for increasing or decreasing mode order.
    • Fabricating devices and conducting measurements to verify reconfigurable mode conversion via tunable phase matching.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated dynamic tuning capability for mode order conversion.
    • Experimental results show reconfigurable TE0-TE2 to TE0-TE1 conversion.
    • Measurements align with simulation predictions for tunable phase matching.

    Conclusions:

    • Successfully demonstrated a new approach for reconfigurable mode conversion in MDM.
    • Validated the use of MEMS for dynamic control of mode order.
    • This tunable phase-matching technique offers a promising pathway for advanced MDM systems.