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Hierarchical manganese valence gradient MnO2via phosphorus doping for cathode materials with improved stability
Limin Zhao1, Zejuan Ni1, Bo Ge1
1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, P. R. China. zhaolimin@lcu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
The search for a method for enhancing the electrochemical performance of manganese dioxide is still a challenge. Herein, we report a rod-like P-MnO cathode material with a hierarchical manganese gradient valence through the phosphatization process. For the incorporation of P, Mn3O4 was formed on the surface of MnO2 and exhibited a gradient valence structure, while the oxygen defect concentration in P-MnO increased. The unique structure was verified via XRD, TEM and XPS. As the cathode material for a supercapacitor, the specific capacitance of P-MnO was 126.3 F g-1, which was four times that of MnO2. The assembling of the coin cells of aqueous ZIBs with P-MnO also showed good rate performance. The electrochemical performance of the synthesised P-MnO cathode was enhanced for the synergistic effect of improved conductivity and structural stability.
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