Neonatal-Onset Inflammatory Tinea Capitis by Microsporum canis Due to a Woolen Hat

Tinea capitis is a common fungal infection in children, but it is rare in newborns. We report a case of a 3-week-old infant presenting with scalp annular erythema. She had a history of wearing a woolen hat one week before the disease onset. Wood's lamp and dermoscopic findings favoured the diagnosis of tinea capitis. Further examinations of her scalp, including direct KOH examination and fungal culture confirmed the diagnosis of tinea capitis caused by treatment with oral griseofulvin was effective. Neonatal tinea capitis is often misdiagnosed due to its rarity and atypical presentation. A thorough history (including the contacting history of clothes made of animal fur), physical examination and further mycological examinations are required for diagnosis. Griseofulvin, itraconazole and fluconazole have been reported to be effective drugs for the treatment of children tinea capitis. Liver enzymes should be regularly monitored during the period of using antifungal agents.