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Classifications of Odontoid Process Fractures: A Systematic Review and Proposal of a New Simplified Classification
Mansour Mathkour1,2,3, Juan J Cardona1, Arada Chaiyamoon4
1Neurosurgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, USA.
Cureus
|January 19, 2023
Summary
This study reviews odontoid fracture classifications, identifying ambiguities. A new, simplified, embryologically-based anatomical classification is proposed for clearer understanding of these common elderly cervical spine fractures.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Spine Surgery
- Geriatric Trauma
Background:
- Odontoid fractures are the most frequent cervical spine fractures in the elderly population.
- Existing classification systems for odontoid fractures exhibit ambiguity and imprecision, leading to potential misunderstandings in clinical practice.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review current terminologies and classification systems for odontoid fractures.
- To propose a novel, simplified, and anatomically-based classification system for odontoid fractures.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review adhering to PRISMA guidelines.
- Searched the PubMed database for relevant publications on odontoid fractures.
- Included seven studies after initial screening of 175 publications.
Main Results:
- Identified significant descriptive variability and lack of transparency in existing odontoid fracture classification systems.
- Existing systems are often imprecise and incongruous, hindering clear communication and treatment planning.
Conclusions:
- A new embryologically accurate and anatomically-based classification system for odontoid fractures is proposed.
- This simplified system aims to provide a more straightforward and adaptable approach to categorizing odontoid fractures.
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