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The shear center of a channel section with uniform thickness, height, and width, is determined by computing the shear force in the member and calculating the moments of inertia of the sections.
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For the construction of a storeroom using concrete masonry units, it's essential to align the dimensions of the structure with the actual sizes of the blocks and the intended mortar joints. On the site in question, there's a stockpile of concrete masonry blocks with a nominal size of eight by eight by sixteen inches, which are to be used in the construction of the storeroom.
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The design of prismatic beams, structural elements with a uniform cross-section, focuses on ensuring safety and structural integrity under load. The design process begins by determining the allowable stress, either from material properties tables, or by dividing the material's ultimate strength by a safety factor. This safety factor is essential for accommodating uncertainties, and varies depending on the material—timber, steel, or concrete—with each having unique strength and...
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Thin-walled members with non-symmetrical cross-sections are vital to engineering structures, offering material efficiency and structural integrity. However, unsymmetrical loading on these members leads to complex stress distributions, resulting in simultaneous bending and twisting can cause deformation or structural failure. The interaction between bending and twisting requires detailed analysis to ensure structural resilience.
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Building Orientation Determination Based on Multi-Objective Optimization for Additive Manufacturing.

Hongyao Shen1,2, Shanshan Guo1,2, Jianzhong Fu1,2

  • 1The State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems, College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing
|January 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an optimization algorithm for additive manufacturing (AM) to improve build orientation. The method enhances efficiency, surface quality, and internal properties, significantly improving overall product performance.

Keywords:
additive manufacturingbuilding orientationcomputer-aided process planningmulti-objective optimizationparticle swarm optimization

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Manufacturing Technology
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Additive manufacturing (AM) processes are sensitive to build orientation due to their layer-by-layer construction.
  • Object orientation significantly impacts manufacturing efficiency, surface finish, and internal material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive optimization algorithm for additive manufacturing (AM) build orientation.
  • To address key factors including manufacturing efficiency, surface quality, and internal material properties.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel mathematical model for surface quality optimization, considering stepping effects and support contact areas, with a focus on salient areas defined by cone curvature.
  • Introduced quantitative optimization for internal properties based on AM's anisotropic characteristics, specifically mechanical properties.
  • Employed a particle swarm optimization algorithm to synchronously optimize efficiency (support volume reduction), surface quality, and internal properties based on application-specific importance.

Main Results:

  • Optimized orientations led to significant performance improvements compared to initial models, with comprehensive evaluation scores increasing by 70-90%.
  • Achieved substantial optimization rates: 20.9% for support volume, 57.3% for surface roughness, 59.5% for salient area roughness, and 293.0% for maximum tensile strength.
  • Demonstrated the algorithm's effectiveness across various cases with different characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed optimization algorithm effectively improves additive manufacturing outcomes by optimizing build orientation.
  • The method offers a versatile framework for enhancing efficiency, surface quality, and anisotropic properties in AM products.
  • The results highlight the critical role of build orientation optimization in achieving superior AM part performance.