Patient Religiosity and Desire for Chaplain Services in an Outpatient Primary Care Clinic

Outpatient chaplaincy is a new specialty in healthcare, with a relative paucity of research studies exploring the need for spiritual care interventions in ambulatory settings. Over the past 3 years, our interdisciplinary team at the Duke Outpatient Clinic has piloted the extension of professional spiritual care into this hospital-based resident teaching clinic offering primary care to underserved populations in Durham, NC. In this article, we report the results of a series of surveys that we conducted at the clinic to assess patients' perceptions of chaplain services, understanding of Chaplains' roles, and desire for chaplain services in specific hypothetical scenarios. As part of this survey, we also asked patients about their personal levels of extrinsic and intrinsic religiosity using the well-validated Duke University Religion Index. Our results indicate which chaplain interventions are most desired among this patient population in relation to patients' self-reported religiosity. We hypothesized that only our more religious patients would strongly desire chaplain support for the majority of scenarios presented. We were surprised to find that a majority of our patients-regardless of their own level of religiosity-express desire for support from an outpatient healthcare chaplain when they need a listening ear, are grieving a loss, or are seeking prayer.