Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

6.8K
6.8K
Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

6.3K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
6.3K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

969
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
969
Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria01:19

Translocation of Proteins into the Mitochondria

3.2K
Mitochondrial precursors are translocated to the internal subcompartments via independent mechanisms involving distinct protein machineries called translocases.
Sorting of outer membrane proteins:
Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins are of two types: the transmembrane, beta-barrel porins, and the membrane-anchored, alpha-helical proteins. Beta-barrel porin precursors are translocated by the TOM complex and inserted into the outer mitochondrial membrane by the SAM complex. In contrast,...
3.2K
Initiation of Translation02:33

Initiation of Translation

34.3K
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs.
First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
34.3K
The Central Dogma01:25

The Central Dogma

127.5K
Overview
127.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Polyphosphazene-Based Nanotherapeutics.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2025
Same author

Protamine-Based Nanotherapeutics for Gene Delivery to Glioblastoma Cells.

Molecular pharmaceutics·2025
Same author

Self-assembled peptide/polymer hybrid nanoplatform for cancer immunostimulating therapies.

Drug delivery and translational research·2023
Same author

Delivery of transcription factors as modulators of cell differentiation.

Drug delivery and translational research·2021
Same author

Self-assembled hyaluronan nanocapsules for the intracellular delivery of anticancer drugs.

Scientific reports·2019
Same journal

Correction: Kuc et al. Tension-Dominant Orthodontic Loading and Buccal Periodontal Phenotype Preservation: An Integrative Mechanobiological Model Supported by FEM and a Proof-of-Concept CBCT. <i>J. Funct. Biomater.</i> 2026, <i>17</i>, 47.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2026
Same journal

The Shear Bond Strength Between Calcium Silicate-Based Biomaterials and Glass Ionomer Restorative Materials: An In Vitro Comparative Study.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2026
Same journal

Zinc-Doped Calcium Phosphate Nanoagonists Amplifies cGAS-STING Signaling for Boosting Pyroptosis-Induced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2026
Same journal

Sustained Decrease in Oxygen Saturation in Human Fibular Fractures Monitored with Laser-Doppler and White-Light Spectroscopy: A Longitudinal Observational Pilot Study.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2026
Same journal

Cytomorphometric and Clinical Analysis of the Effects of Azithromycin and Platelet-Rich Fibrin on Wound Healing After Surgical Removal of an Impacted Mandibular Third Molar.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2026
Same journal

Vein Graft Preservation During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: Operative Techniques, Biomaterials and Advances from Tissue Engineering.

Journal of functional biomaterials·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts
12:29

mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts

Published on: July 28, 2017

9.2K

Matrices Activated with Messenger RNA.

Raquel Martinez-Campelo1, Marcos Garcia-Fuentes1

  • 1BiDD Group, CiMUS Research Center, Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.

Journal of Functional Biomaterials
|January 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Messenger RNA (mRNA)-activated matrices offer efficient and safe sustained gene modulation. Further research into design parameters is crucial for optimizing this promising therapeutic technology.

Keywords:
bone regenerationimmunomodulationmRNA deliverymRNA-activated matrixtissue engineering

More Related Videos

Characterization of Functionally Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma and their Engineering into Artificial Clusters for Gene Therapy
09:40

Characterization of Functionally Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma and their Engineering into Artificial Clusters for Gene Therapy

Published on: October 4, 2019

5.7K
In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain
09:19

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

Published on: September 16, 2013

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 13, 2025

mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts
12:29

mRNA Interactome Capture from Plant Protoplasts

Published on: July 28, 2017

9.2K
Characterization of Functionally Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma and their Engineering into Artificial Clusters for Gene Therapy
09:40

Characterization of Functionally Associated miRNAs in Glioblastoma and their Engineering into Artificial Clusters for Gene Therapy

Published on: October 4, 2019

5.7K
In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain
09:19

In ovo Expression of MicroRNA in Ventral Chick Midbrain

Published on: September 16, 2013

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Gene Therapy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Gene therapy-activated matrices provide sustained gene modulation.
  • Messenger RNA (mRNA)-activated matrices represent an advancement, offering efficient and safe therapeutic protein production in situ.
  • These systems are particularly effective for intracellular targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the design space and pharmaceutical performance of mRNA-activated matrices.
  • To discuss critical design factors influencing mRNA stability, immunogenicity, and therapeutic duration.
  • To explore potential applications in tissue engineering and immunomodulation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of preclinical and clinical data on gene therapy-activated matrices.
  • Analysis of design parameters including matrix composition, mesh size, mRNA modification, and nanocarrier characteristics.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on mRNA-activated matrix performance.

Main Results:

  • mRNA-activated matrices enable sustained mRNA delivery and continuous therapeutic protein production.
  • Key design factors critically impact matrix performance, including mRNA stability and translation efficiency.
  • Limited published data highlights the incipient stage of this technology.

Conclusions:

  • mRNA-activated matrices hold significant promise for therapeutic applications, particularly in tissue engineering and immunomodulation.
  • Optimization of design parameters is essential for successful clinical implementation.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand and leverage the potential of mRNA-activated matrices.