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Improved Hemocompatibility on Superhemophobic Micro-Nano-Structured Titanium Surfaces.

Vignesh K Manivasagam1, Ketul C Popat1,2,3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.

Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing a superhydrophobic, micro-nano titanium surface significantly enhances blood compatibility for cardiovascular implants. This novel surface reduces protein adsorption and cell adhesion, crucial for preventing blood clotting in medical devices.

Keywords:
hemocompatiblemicro–nano surface topographysuperhemophobicsuperhydrophobictitanium implant surface

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Surface Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Implant Technology

Background:

  • Blood-contacting titanium implants (e.g., stents, heart valves) face blood clotting risks due to surface interactions.
  • Increasing clinical demand for cardiovascular implants necessitates improved blood compatibility and tailored cellular interactions.
  • Current implant materials often lack optimal mechanical properties and sufficient hemocompatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a superhydrophobic implant surface with a novel micro-nano topography using a facile thermochemical process.
  • To assess the hemocompatibility of the developed surface by evaluating key blood-interaction parameters.
  • To investigate the potential of this surface for advanced cardiovascular implants.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of superhydrophobic titanium surfaces with micro-nano topography via a thermochemical process.
  • Characterization of surface topography, apparent contact angle, and crystal structure.
  • Assessment of hemocompatibility through hemolysis, fibrinogen adsorption, cell adhesion (platelets, leukocytes), thrombin generation, complement activation, and whole blood clotting kinetics.

Main Results:

  • The superhydrophobic micro-nano titanium surface demonstrated significantly reduced fibrinogen adsorption.
  • Markedly decreased platelet and leukocyte adhesion were observed on the modified titanium surface.
  • The developed surface exhibited improved overall hemocompatibility compared to untreated surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • The novel superhydrophobic micro-nano titanium surface exhibits enhanced hemocompatibility, reducing critical blood-clotting factors.
  • This surface modification holds high potential for fabricating next-generation cardiovascular implants with improved safety and efficacy.
  • Further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to elucidate the mechanisms behind the improved hemocompatibility.