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A 3D Capillary-Driven Multi-Micropore Membrane-Based Trigger Valve for Multi-Step Biochemical Reaction.

Yijun Zhang1,2, Yuang Li1,2, Xiaofeng Luan1,2

  • 1Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.

Biosensors
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel 3D capillary-driven valve for point-of-care testing (POCT) devices. The new valve achieves high gating thresholds and large liquid volumes, enabling complex multi-step biochemical operations for improved public health diagnostics.

Keywords:
3D trigger valvePOCTcapillary-drivengating thresholdmicroporous membrane

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics and Lab-on-a-Chip Technologies
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Point-of-care testing (POCT) relies on microfluidic devices for rapid, on-site diagnostics, crucial for public health.
  • Capillary-driven microfluidic valves are essential for automating multi-step biochemical processes in POCT.
  • Existing 2D valves face limitations in simultaneously achieving high gating thresholds and large operable liquid volumes due to capillary force-aperture relationships.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel 3D capillary-driven trigger valve overcoming limitations of existing 2D valves.
  • To enable precise control over multi-step biochemical operations in microfluidic POCT devices.
  • To enhance the performance of capillary-driven microfluidic systems for complex diagnostic tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a 3D trigger valve using a multi-microporous membrane for valving and a wedge-shaped capillary channel for flow pumping.
  • Leveraging the capillary pinning effect of the multi-micropore membrane for liquid control.
  • Theoretical analysis and experimental characterization of valve performance, including gating threshold, liquid volume, and trigger time.

Main Results:

  • The 3D trigger valve demonstrated a high gating threshold (>1000 Pa) and high trigger efficiency.
  • Achieved an operable liquid volume exceeding 150 μL with a trigger-to-drain time under 6 seconds.
  • Successfully demonstrated repeatable triggering over three cycles within 5 minutes and validated applications in microbead-based immunoreactions and live cell staining.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed 3D capillary-driven multi-microporous membrane valve effectively addresses the limitations of 2D valves.
  • This technology offers significant potential for enabling complex, multi-step operations in advanced POCT applications.
  • The valve's robust performance and repeatability suggest broad applicability in future point-of-care diagnostic scenarios.