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Spiroplasmas: gene structure and expression.

J Renaudin1, M C Pascarel, C Saillard

  • 1Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Institut Nationale de la Recherche Agronomique, Pont de la Maye, France.

Israel Journal of Medical Sciences
|June 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The SpV4 genome sequencing reveals its bacterial origins. Differences in gene expression between spiroplasmas and E. coli suggest UGA codes for tryptophan, not termination.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The SpV4 genome sequencing identified eight open reading frames (ORFs), including the 65-kDa capsid protein.
  • Regulatory sequences and ribosome binding sites show similarities to Eubacteria.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic makeup and expression of the SpV4 genome.
  • To explore the potential bacterial origin of spiroplasmas based on genetic and expression data.

Main Methods:

  • Genome sequencing of SpV4.
  • Analysis of open reading frames (ORFs), promoter sequences, and regulatory elements.
  • Gene cloning and expression studies in Escherichia coli (E. coli).
  • Codon usage analysis.

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Main Results:

  • The SpV4 genome contains eight ORFs, promoter sequences, a transcription terminator, and initiation sites for complementary strand synthesis.
  • Codon usage analysis indicates a preference for A and T terminated codons, with UAA as the major termination codon.
  • The spiralin gene expressed in E. coli, but the capsid protein gene did not, suggesting UGA is not a termination codon in spiroplasmas and likely codes for tryptophan.

Conclusions:

  • Spiroplasmas likely utilize UGA to code for tryptophan, not as a termination codon, similar to Mycoplasma capricolum.
  • The spiralin gene lacks UGA codons, enabling its expression in E. coli, while the capsid protein gene's nine UGA codons prevent its full expression.
  • These findings strongly support the bacterial origin of spiroplasmas.