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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Deformations01:19

Plastic Deformations

167
Plastic deformation represents a fundamental concept in materials science, which explains the irreversible change in the shape of a material when it experiences stress beyond its elastic capability. This phenomenon is important in structural engineering, especially in designing and analyzing cantilever beams—structures that are securely fixed at one end and bear loads at the opposite end. When these beams are subjected to loads within their elastic range, they will return to their...
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Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry01:21

Plastic Deformations of Members with a Single Plane of Symmetry

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When a structural member undergoes plastic deformation due to bending, it is crucial to understand the position of the neutral axis and the stress distribution. This member, characterized by a single plane of symmetry, exhibits a uniform stress distribution, with negative stress above the neutral axis and positive stress below. Notably, the neutral axis does not align with the centroid of the cross-section. This misalignment is typical in cases where the cross-section is not rectangular or...
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Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

220
When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
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Members Made of Elastoplastic Material01:19

Members Made of Elastoplastic Material

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The behavior of elastoplastic materials under bending stresses, particularly in structural members with rectangular cross-sections, is crucial for predicting material responses and understanding failure modes. Initially, when a bending moment is applied, the stress distribution across the section follows Hooke's Law and is linear and elastic. This distribution means the stress increases from the neutral axis to the maximum at the outer fibers, up to the elastic limit.
As the bending moment...
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Determining the Mechanical Strength of Ultra-Fine-Grained Metals
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Superfunctional Materials by Ultra-Severe Plastic Deformation.

Kaveh Edalati1,2

  • 1WPI, International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe plastic deformation (SPD) enables the creation of superfunctional materials. Ultra-SPD processing yields advanced properties like high strength, room-temperature superplasticity, and enhanced catalytic activity in various alloys and oxides.

Keywords:
energy materialsfunctional materialsfunctional propertieshigh-entropy ceramicshigh-pressure torsion (HPT)mechanical propertiesnanomaterialsnanostructured alloyssolid-state reactionultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Solid State Physics

Background:

  • Superfunctional materials exhibit properties exceeding conventional engineering materials.
  • Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is a known method for enhancing material properties.
  • Ultra-SPD, involving extreme shear strains, offers novel pathways for material synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the application of ultra-SPD in controlling atomic diffusion and phase transformations.
  • To synthesize new materials with superior, superfunctional properties.
  • To highlight the diverse applications of ultra-SPD processed materials.

Main Methods:

  • Application of ultra-severe plastic deformation (ultra-SPD) with shear strains exceeding 1000.
  • Processing of metallic alloys (Al, Mg, Nb-Ti) and ceramic oxides/oxynitrides.
  • Characterization of resulting material properties, including mechanical, thermal, electrical, and catalytic.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high-temperature thermal stability in immiscible Al alloys.
  • Demonstrated room-temperature superplasticity in Mg and Al alloys.
  • Synthesized high-strength, high-plasticity nanograined intermetallics.
  • Developed low elastic modulus, high-hardness biocompatible alloys.
  • Obtained superconductivity and high strength in Nb-Ti alloys.
  • Enabled room-temperature hydrogen storage in Mg alloys.
  • Created efficient photocatalysts (high-entropy oxides/oxynitrides) for H2/O2 production and CO2 conversion.

Conclusions:

  • Ultra-SPD is a powerful technique for designing advanced materials with tailored superfunctional properties.
  • This processing method opens new avenues for applications ranging from structural components to energy and environmental solutions.
  • The synthesized materials demonstrate significant improvements over conventional counterparts.