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Related Concept Videos

Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes01:19

Potentiometry: Types of Electrodes

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Reference electrodes serve as a stable reference point for potentiometric measurements, while indicator and working electrodes react to variations in the composition of a solution.
The Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a widely used reference electrode that maintains zero potential across all temperatures. However, its need for a continuous hydrogen gas supply renders it impractical for everyday use.
An alternative to SHE is the Saturated Calomel Electrode (SCE). This electrode features an...
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Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

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Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
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Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods01:17

Controlled-Potential Coulometry: Electrolytic Methods

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Controlled-potential coulometry, also known as potentiostatic coulometry, employs a three-electrode system in which the working electrode's potential is precisely regulated using a potentiostat. Platinum working electrodes are utilized for positive potentials, while mercury pool electrodes are favored for extremely negative potentials. The platinum counter electrode is separated from the analyte using a membrane or salt bridge to avoid interference in the analysis.
The chosen potential...
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Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes01:15

Potentiometry: Membrane Electrodes

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Membrane electrodes, also known as p-ion electrodes, use membranes that selectively interact with free analyte ions, generating a potential difference across the membrane. The resulting membrane potential, known as the asymmetry potential, is not zero even when analyte concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal. The membrane's response is typically not selective to a single analyte but proportional to the concentration of all ions in the sample solution capable of interacting at...
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Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

323
Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
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Electrogravimetric Analysis: Overview01:30

Electrogravimetric Analysis: Overview

296
Electrogravimetric analysis measures the weight of an analyte deposited electrolytically onto a suitable working electrode. This method involves applying a potential to a pre-weighed electrode submerged in a solution, which results in the desired substance being deposited through reduction at the cathode or oxidation at the anode. The electrode's weight is recorded after deposition, and the difference in weight gives the analyte's weight in the solution.
To test the completeness of the...
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Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications
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Ordered Porous Electrodes Obtained Using LIFT for Electrochemical Applications.

Korbinian Rager1, Bo Tang1, Christian Schneemann2

  • 1Institute of Microtechnology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 21, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) 3D printing creates highly porous gold electrodes. This novel technique significantly enhances electrochemically active surface area for electrochemical applications.

Keywords:
3D printingLIFTelectrochemically active surface areaporous ordered metal electrodesroughness factor

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Porous metal electrodes are crucial for various electrochemical applications.
  • Current 3D printing methods for electrodes have limitations in resolution (down to 20 µm).
  • Achieving precise control over pore distribution and diameter is challenging with existing techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate the laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) process for 3D printing porous metal electrodes.
  • To demonstrate the fabrication of a porous gold (Au) electrode film using LIFT.
  • To assess the performance of LIFT-fabricated electrodes in electrochemical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) to 3D print metal voxels.
  • Fabricated porous gold (Au) electrode films on a solid surface.
  • Characterized electrode properties using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in Ar-saturated 0.1 M KOH.

Main Results:

  • Successfully 3D printed porous Au electrode films using the LIFT process for the first time.
  • LIFT-produced porous Au electrodes exhibited a four-fold increase in electrochemically active surface area (SA) compared to sputtered dense Au films.
  • Demonstrated the potential for ordered porous electrode fabrication with high surface areas.

Conclusions:

  • The LIFT process is a highly promising technique for fabricating ordered porous electrodes.
  • LIFT enables the creation of high-surface-area electrodes suitable for advanced electrochemical applications.
  • This method offers improved control over electrode architecture compared to conventional 3D printing.