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Transduction and Expansion of Primary T Cells in Nine Days with Maintenance of Central Memory Phenotype

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Published on: March 18, 2020

Primate Simplexviruses Differ in Tropism for Macaque Cells.

Heike Hofmann-Winkler¹, Abdul Rahman Siregar^1,2,3, Nesil Esiyok⁴

¹Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center-Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

|January 21, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 (McHV1) and Papiine alphaherpesvirus 2 (PaHV2) efficiently infect rhesus macaque cells, unlike HSV1, HSV2, and Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 2 (CeHV2). This reveals partial resistance in some macaque cells to certain primate simplexviruses.

Keywords:

Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 2 Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 Papiine alphaherpesvirus 2 herpes simplex virus type 1 iPS cell neural aggregate non-human primate rhesus macaque tropism

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Published on: December 23, 2016

Area of Science:

Virology
Cell Biology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Primate simplexviruses, neurotropic herpesviruses, are typically host-specific.
Macacine alphaherpesvirus 1 (McHV1) poses a fatal risk to humans via cross-species transmission.
Cercopithecine alphaherpesvirus 2 (CeHV2) and Papiine alphaherpesvirus 2 (PaHV2) are considered largely apathogenic in humans.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differential infection capacities of McHV1, PaHV2, and CeHV2 in human and non-human primate (NHP) cells.
To compare the tropism of these primate simplexviruses with human simplexviruses HSV1 and HSV2.
To assess the relevance of cell tropism for risk assessment of primate simplexvirus infections.

Main Methods:

Virus replication assays in human, African green monkey, and rhesus macaque cell lines.
Infection studies using human simplexviruses (HSV1, HSV2) and primate simplexviruses (McHV1, PaHV2, CeHV2).
Infection experiments with rhesus macaque brain organoids.

Main Results:

All five viruses efficiently replicated in human and African green monkey cells.
McHV1 and PaHV2 showed robust replication in rhesus macaque cell lines.
CeHV2, HSV1, and HSV2 exhibited reduced or inefficient replication in rhesus macaque cells, with McHV1, but not CeHV2, infecting macaque brain organoids.

Conclusions:

Certain rhesus macaque cells display partial resistance to HSV1, HSV2, and CeHV2.
McHV1 and PaHV2 share similar cell tropism, potentially impacting risk assessment.
Understanding differential cell tropism is crucial for evaluating primate simplexvirus risks.