Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Social Exchange Theory02:06

Social Exchange Theory

34.7K
We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
34.7K
Group Polarization01:01

Group Polarization

34.6K
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition.
34.6K
Relationship Formation02:12

Relationship Formation

40.3K
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
40.3K
Social Traps01:41

Social Traps

22.5K
Social traps are negative situations where people get caught in a direction or relationship that later proves to be unpleasant, with no easy way to back out of or avoid. The concept was orignally introduced by John Platt who applied psychology to Garrett Hardin's "Tragedy of the Commons", where in New England herd owners could let their cattle graze in the common ground. This situation seems like a good idea, but an individual could have an advantage. If they owned...
22.5K
Social Loafing01:37

Social Loafing

35.0K
Another way in which a group presence can affect performance is social loafing—the exertion of less effort by a person working together with a group. Social loafing occurs when our individual performance cannot be evaluated separately from the group. Thus, group performance declines on easy tasks (Karau & Williams, 1993). Essentially individual group members loaf and let other group members pick up the slack. Because each individual’s efforts cannot be evaluated,...
35.0K
Social Facilitation01:04

Social Facilitation

32.1K
Not all intergroup interactions lead to negative outcomes. Sometimes, being in a group situation can improve performance. Social facilitation occurs when an individual performs better when an audience is watching than when the individual performs the behavior alone. This typically occurs when people are performing a task for which they are skilled.
32.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Regional dynamics drive differences in future heat stress and reveal where Hawaiian corals are most likely to persist.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Lineage-determining transcription factors constrain cohesin to drive multi-enhancer oncogene regulation.

Nature cell biology·2025
Same author

Lineage-determining transcription factors constrain cohesin to drive multi-enhancer oncogene regulation.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

NOTCH1 signaling is dysregulated by loss of the deubiquitinase USP28 with del(11q), uncovering USP28 inhibition as novel therapeutic target in CLL.

Leukemia·2025
Same author

Effective in vivo binding energy landscape illustrates kinetic stability of RBPJ-DNA binding.

Nature communications·2025
Same author

ZNF512B binds RBBP4 via a variant NuRD interaction motif and aggregates chromatin in a NuRD complex-independent manner.

Nucleic acids research·2024
Same journal

Tree-Packing Revisited: Faster Fully Dynamic Min-Cut and Arboricity.

Algorithmica·2026
Same journal

A General Upper Bound for the Runtime of a Coevolutionary Algorithm on Impartial Combinatorial Games.

Algorithmica·2026
Same journal

Fully Characterizing Lossy Catalytic Computation.

Algorithmica·2026
Same journal

Parameterized Complexities of Dominating and Independent Set Reconfiguration.

Algorithmica·2026
Same journal

The SLO Hierarchy of Pseudo-Boolean Functions and Runtime of Evolutionary Algorithms.

Algorithmica·2026
Same journal

From Data Completion to Problems on Hypercubes: A Parameterized Analysis of the Independent Set Problem.

Algorithmica·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 13, 2025

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants
06:28

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants

Published on: August 26, 2018

6.0K

Social Distancing Network Creation.

Tobias Friedrich1, Hans Gawendowicz1, Pascal Lenzner1

  • 1Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, Prof.-Dr.-Helmert-Straße 2-3, 14482 Potsdam, Germany.

Algorithmica
|January 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Selfish agents in a social network face a dilemma between connecting with others and maintaining distance during a pandemic. This game-theoretic model reveals how social distancing rules impact network formation and agent behavior.

Keywords:
Algorithmic game theoryEquilibrium existenceMaximization versus minimization problemsNetwork creation gamePrice of anarchySocial distancing

More Related Videos

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.2K
Integrating Computerized Linguistic and Social Network Analyses to Capture Addiction Recovery Capital in an Online Community
08:53

Integrating Computerized Linguistic and Social Network Analyses to Capture Addiction Recovery Capital in an Online Community

Published on: May 31, 2019

5.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 13, 2025

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants
06:28

A Networked Desktop Virtual Reality Setup for Decision Science and Navigation Experiments with Multiple Participants

Published on: August 26, 2018

6.0K
The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm
06:18

The Collective Trust Game: An Online Group Adaptation of the Trust Game Based on the HoneyComb Paradigm

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.2K
Integrating Computerized Linguistic and Social Network Analyses to Capture Addiction Recovery Capital in an Online Community
08:53

Integrating Computerized Linguistic and Social Network Analyses to Capture Addiction Recovery Capital in an Online Community

Published on: May 31, 2019

5.2K

Area of Science:

  • Game Theory
  • Network Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Pandemics necessitate a balance between social interaction and isolation.
  • Selfish agents in a network aim to benefit from connections while maximizing distance from others.
  • This models the conflict introduced by social distancing rules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and analyze a game-theoretic network creation model reflecting social distancing.
  • To investigate two variants: one without connection restrictions and one with.
  • To compare this model to the inverse of the Network Creation Game.

Main Methods:

  • Game-theoretic network creation model.
  • Analysis of optimal and equilibrium networks.
  • Derivation of bounds for the Price of Anarchy and Price of Stability.
  • Investigation of Swap-Maximal Routing-Cost Spanning Trees.

Main Results:

  • Characterized optimal and equilibrium networks for the unrestricted variant.
  • Derived asymptotically tight bounds on Price of Anarchy and Price of Stability.
  • Proved that Swap-Maximal Routing-Cost Spanning Trees approximate equilibria in the restricted variant.
  • Provided almost tight bounds for Price of Anarchy and Price of Stability in the restricted variant.

Conclusions:

  • Agent selfishness significantly impacts network quality under social distancing.
  • The model provides insights into network dynamics during public health crises.
  • Swap-Maximal Routing-Cost Spanning Trees offer a computable approximation for equilibria in restricted networks.