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Achieving nanoscale precision using neuromorphic localization microscopy.

Rohit Mangalwedhekar¹, Nivedita Singh¹, Chetan Singh Thakur²

¹Centre for Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.

Nature Nanotechnology

|January 23, 2023

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Neuromorphic cameras enable precise nanoscale localization and tracking of fluorescent particles below the diffraction limit. This event-based sensing significantly improves centroid estimation and trajectory analysis for dynamic processes.

Area of Science:

Optics and Photonics
Nanotechnology
Biophysics

Background:

Traditional imaging methods face limitations in resolving nanoscale dynamics due to the diffraction limit.
Neuromorphic cameras offer event-based, sparse data acquisition by detecting intensity changes asynchronously.
These sensors are well-suited for imaging fast, dynamic processes like single-molecule emissions.

Purpose of the Study:

To apply neuromorphic detection for high-precision localization of nanoscale fluorescent objects.
To combine neuromorphic sensing with advanced algorithms for particle tracking and trajectory analysis.
To enhance the accuracy of centroid estimation beyond classical limits.

Main Methods:

Utilized neuromorphic cameras to capture sparse, event-based intensity changes from fluorescent nanoparticles.

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Integrated neuromorphic detection with image segmentation and deep learning techniques.

Analyzed post-processed neuromorphic data with defined temporal integration windows for trajectory evaluation.

Main Results:

Achieved nanoscale localization of fluorescent objects with precision below 20 nm.
Demonstrated millisecond temporal resolution for localizing and tracking fluorescent particles (< 50 nm).
Improved centroid estimation accuracy by nearly a factor of two compared to classical methods.
Enabled better evaluation of fractalized diffusion in single-particle trajectories.

Conclusions:

Neuromorphic detection combined with advanced algorithms offers a powerful approach for nanoscale imaging.
This event-based sensing strategy enhances real-time particle localization and tracking capabilities.
The findings are valuable for nonlinear neuromorphic devices in advancing nanoscale sensing applications.