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Analysis of architectures implemented for IIoT.

William Oñate1,2, Ricardo Sanz1

  • 1Centre for Automation and Robotics UPM-CSIC, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain.

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Summary

This study reviews architectures for industrial IoT (Internet of Things), focusing on edge and fog computing. It analyzes successes and weaknesses to guide future research in manufacturing environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Engineering
  • Information Technology

Background:

  • Cloud computing offers resources for industrial IoT (Internet of Things) but faces challenges like bandwidth limitations, latency, and security concerns.
  • Emerging solutions leverage edge computing and fog computing platforms near production plants to address cloud limitations.
  • Integrating Information Technology (IT) and Operational Technologies (OT) is crucial for this industrial paradigm shift.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a systematic literature review (SLR) of recent studies on hierarchical and flat peer-to-peer (P2P) architectures for manufacturing IIoT (Industrial Internet of Things).
  • To analyze the successes and weaknesses of these architectures concerning latency, security, computing methodologies, virtualization, Fog Computing (FC) in Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES), Quality of Service (QoS), and connectivity.
  • To identify potential research areas for implementing IIoT with edge and fog computing technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review (SLR) of peer-to-peer (P2P) architectures in manufacturing IIoT.
  • Analysis of studies focusing on hierarchical and flat P2P designs.
  • Evaluation of factors including latency, security, computing, virtualization, FC in MES, QoS, and connectivity.

Main Results:

  • Identified key technological blocks for industrial IoT implementation, highlighting the trade-offs of cloud-based solutions.
  • Examined the application of Fog Computing Platforms (FCP) and Edge Computing (EC) in manufacturing IIoT.
  • Assessed the impact of IT/OT cooperation on accelerating the adoption of new industrial technologies.

Conclusions:

  • Edge and fog computing offer promising alternatives to traditional cloud models for IIoT, mitigating issues like latency and bandwidth.
  • Further research is needed to optimize P2P architectures, enhance security, and improve QoS in manufacturing IIoT.
  • The integration of IT and OT, supported by academia and industry, is vital for advancing IIoT capabilities.