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Behavioural sleep problems in children
1Department of Paediatrics, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.
Insights
Common childhood sleep problems, like behavioral insomnia and parasomnias, require early identification and management. Effective strategies include bedtime routines, behavioral techniques, and parental reassurance to improve child and family well-being.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Sleep Medicine
- Developmental Psychology
Background:
- Behavioral sleep problems are prevalent in children, causing parental concern.
- Understanding normal sleep physiology and development is crucial for addressing these issues.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review normal sleep physiology and development in children.
- To focus on the clinical features and management of common behavioral sleep problems in childhood.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of behavioral sleep problems in childhood.
- Discussion of clinical features and management strategies.
Main Results:
- Behavioral insomnia of childhood involves learned sleep-onset or sleep-maintenance difficulties, managed with routines and behavioral techniques.
- Parasomnias (confusional arousals, sleepwalking, sleep terrors, nightmares) typically resolve with time, managed via reassurance and interventions like scheduled awakening.
- Sleep enuresis management includes behavioral changes, alarms, and desmopressin.
- Sleep-related movement disorders include bruxism and rhythmic movements (e.g., body rocking).
Conclusions:
- Early identification and management of behavioral sleep problems are essential.
- Effective interventions can mitigate negative impacts on children and families.
- A comprehensive approach addressing specific sleep disorders is recommended.
Abstract:
Behavioural sleep problems are very common in children and are concerns for many parents. This review discusses normal sleep physiology and sleep development and focuses on common behavioural sleep problems in childhood, including behavioural insomnia of childhood, parasomnias and sleep-related movement disorders, highlighting their clinical features and management. Behavioural insomnia of childhood is characterised by learned difficulties in falling asleep and/or staying asleep. Management includes establishing bedtime routines and behavioural techniques. Parasomnias include confusional arousals, sleepwalking, sleep terrors and nightmares, and these usually resolve with time. Management includes parental reassurance and behavioural interventions such as scheduled awakening. With regards to sleep enuresis, management includes behavioural modifications, enuresis alarm and desmopressin. Sleep-related movement disorders include sleep-related bruxism and sleep-related rhythmic movements, of which body rocking is the most common. Early identification and management of behavioural sleep problems may prevent their negative impact on children as well as their families.
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