Pest categorisation of Nipaecoccus viridis

Area of Science:

• Plant Health
• Entomology
• Pest Risk Analysis

Background:

• Nipaecoccus viridis (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae), the spherical scale, is an invasive pest originating from Asia.
• It has a wide distribution across Asia, Africa, and Australia, with introductions to the Americas and Mediterranean basin countries.
• This pest has not been reported within the European Union (EU).

Purpose of the Study:

• To perform a pest categorisation of Nipaecoccus viridis for the EU.
• To assess its potential as a Union quarantine pest.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature and databases on Nipaecoccus viridis distribution, biology, and host range.
• Assessment of potential entry pathways, establishment, and impact on EU agriculture.
• Evaluation against EU plant health regulations and criteria for quarantine pests.

Main Results:

• Nipaecoccus viridis is highly polyphagous, affecting 115 genera across 46 plant families, including economically important crops like citrus, cotton, mango, and avocado.
• Potential entry pathways into the EU include plants for planting, fruits, vegetables, and cut flowers.
• Favorable climatic conditions in southern EU regions suggest a high likelihood of establishment and spread, leading to anticipated yield and quality reductions.

Conclusions:

• Nipaecoccus viridis meets the criteria to be considered a potential Union quarantine pest.
• Phytosanitary measures are recommended to mitigate the risk of introduction and spread.
• The pest poses a significant threat to EU agriculture and horticulture due to its polyphagous nature and potential for establishment.