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A Multi-Frequency 3D Printed Hand Phantom for Electromagnetic Measurements.

Brian B Beard1, Maria I Iacono2, Joshua W Guag1

  • 1Division of Biomedical Physics.

IEEE Electromagnetic Compatibility Magazine
|January 26, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a practical, fluid-filled 3D printed hand phantom for wireless handset testing. This innovation aims to improve specific absorption rate (SAR) measurements, similar to existing head phantoms.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electromagnetics
  • Radio Frequency Engineering

Background:

  • Hand presence affects wireless handset antenna efficiency and specific absorption rate (SAR) measurements.
  • Existing head phantoms are cost-effective and multi-frequency capable for SAR testing.
  • Current hand phantom development is limited by SAR restrictions, tissue depth, and single-frequency cost.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of using 3D printing to create a versatile hand phantom for wireless handset testing.
  • To develop a hand phantom with similar utility to existing head phantoms for SAR and electromagnetic compatibility assessments.

Main Methods:

  • Computer simulations were used to determine optimal human anatomy inclusion for realistic results.
  • Electric field scans were performed on a wireless handset alone and when held by the developed hand phantom.
Keywords:
cellular phoneselectromagnetic analysishandset antennaphantomsproximity effectsspecific absorption rate

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  • The study aimed for comparison with human subject scans, but this was not completed due to external factors.

    • Main Results:

    • A fluid-filled, 3D printed hand phantom was successfully developed.
    • The phantom design was based on simulations to mimic human anatomy for accurate testing.
    • Electric field scans demonstrated the phantom's potential for handset analysis.

    Conclusions:

    • A fluid-filled 3D printed hand phantom is a viable and practical solution for wireless handset testing.
    • This approach offers a cost-effective and potentially multi-frequency alternative to current hand phantom limitations.
    • The 3D print files are publicly available, promoting further research and development.