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Study of In Vivo Glucose Metabolism in High-fat Diet-fed Mice Using Oral Glucose Tolerance Test OGTT and Insulin Tolerance Test ITT
Published on: January 7, 2018
Fasting Compared With Fed and Oral Intake Before the 1-Hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test: A Randomized Controlled
Meryl M Sperling1, Stephanie A Leonard, Sarah E Miller
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.
Fasting before a gestational diabetes screening test significantly increases positive results. Eating before the 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) leads to more accurate gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Endocrinology
- Clinical Trials
Background:
- Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects pregnancy outcomes.
- Standard screening for GDM involves the 1-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).
- The impact of pre-test fasting on OGTT results is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the effect of fasting versus eating before the 1-hour OGTT on GDM screening.
- To evaluate how pre-test conditions influence GDM detection rates.
Main Methods:
- A single-center prospective randomized trial with 200 participants.
- Participants were randomized to either fasting (≥6 hours) or fed (<2 hours) before the 1-hour OGTT.
- Primary outcome: 1-hour OGTT screen-positive rate; Secondary outcomes: GDM diagnosis, maternal/neonatal outcomes.
Main Results:
- The screen-positive rate was significantly higher in the fasting group (32.0%) compared to the fed group (13.3%).
- Mean glucose values were also significantly higher in the fasting group.
- No significant differences in GDM incidence or maternal/neonatal outcomes were observed between groups.
Conclusions:
- Fasting for 6 or more hours before the 1-hour OGTT significantly increases the likelihood of a positive screening result.
- Eating within 2 hours of the test may provide a more accurate GDM screening outcome.
- Current fasting recommendations for GDM screening may warrant re-evaluation.
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