Effect of cyborg-type robot Hybrid Assistive Limb on patients with severe walking disability in acute stroke: A...

To investigate whether early gait training using Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) is feasible and improves walking and independency compared with conventional physical therapy (CPT) in patients with severe walking disability after stroke.

We conducted a single-center, randomized controlled study. Patients with first-ever stroke who had severe walking disability were included. All patients started gait training within 10 days post-stroke onset. Twenty-four patients were randomly assigned into HAL or CPT groups. Outcome measures were collected at three time points, at baseline, completion of 20 sessions of gait training (second assessment), and 3 months after the initiation of gait training. The primary outcomes were changes in motor sub-scores of the Functional Independence Measure or Functional Ambulation Category at the completion of the second assessment from baseline.

Twenty-two patients (median age, 68 years; 12 patients in the HAL group and 10 patients in the CPT group) completed the study. There were no significant differences in primary outcomes. Apathy scale, one of the secondary outcomes, showed a decreasing trend in the HAL group (mean change of -3.8, 95% CI -8.14 to 0.475), and a slight increasing trend in the CPT group (mean change of 1.2, 95% CI -2.66 to 5.06) at the second assessment. Patients in the HAL group experienced no adverse events.

Early gait training in patients with severe walking disability after stroke using HAL was feasible. Walking ability and independency were not improved at the completion of 20 sessions of gait training.