Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 12, 2025
21:08
Engineering Cell-permeable Protein
Published on: December 28, 2009
14.6K
Endosomal escape for cell-targeted proteins. Going out after going in
Eric Voltà-Durán1, Eloi Parladé1, Naroa Serna1
1Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
Biotechnology Advances
|January 26, 2023
Summary
Protein nanocarriers offer targeted drug delivery but face lysosomal degradation. Strategies to promote endosomal escape are crucial for improving the efficacy of these nanomedicines.
Area of Science:
- Nanomedicine
- Biotechnology
- Drug Delivery Systems
Background:
- Protein-based nanocarriers are versatile, biocompatible drug delivery systems.
- They enable targeted delivery via receptor-mediated endocytosis, enhancing specificity.
- Lysosomal degradation of internalized nanocarriers limits therapeutic efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review mechanisms for evading lysosomal degradation in protein nanocarriers.
- To discuss strategies and methods for measuring endosomal escape.
- To explore how peptide domains impact nanocarrier functionality.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of protein nanocarrier strategies.
- Analysis of mechanisms for endosomal escape.
- Evaluation of methods for assessing lysosomal degradation evasion.
Main Results:
- Endosomal entrapment is a key bottleneck for protein-drug nanomedicines.
- Various strategies exist to promote endosomal escape and prevent lysosomal degradation.
- Peptide domains can influence nanocarrier targeting and specificity.
Conclusions:
- Overcoming lysosomal degradation is essential for clinical translation of protein nanomedicines.
- Targeted strategies can improve subcellular localization and bioavailability.
- Further research into peptide domain interactions is needed for optimized delivery.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:45ER Retrieval Pathway
3.9K
In the secretory pathway, vesicles transport proteins from one cellular compartment to another in forward transport to deliver the protein to its correct location. Occasionally, misfolded proteins and incorrect proteins escape their original compartments, and a retrieval pathway is used to return the escaped proteins to their original compartment.
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
The ER uses many checkpoints to prevent the entry of incorrectly folded or a resident protein as cargo onto a transport vesicle. These mechanisms...
3.9K
01:32Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
3.7K
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
3.7K
01:17Role of ER in the Secretory Pathway
5.5K
Eukaryotic cells have a special pathway that enables communication between various intracellular membrane-bound compartments and also with the extracellular environment. This pathway is termed as the secretory pathway.
Components of the secretory pathway
About a third of proteins synthesized in the cell are sorted via the secretory route. They shuffle between different compartments in membrane-bound vesicles until they reach their final destination. The main intracellular compartments involved...
Components of the secretory pathway
About a third of proteins synthesized in the cell are sorted via the secretory route. They shuffle between different compartments in membrane-bound vesicles until they reach their final destination. The main intracellular compartments involved...
5.5K
01:27Post-translational Translocation of Proteins to the RER
5.8K
A sizable fraction of proteins destined for ER are first synthesized in the cell cytosol and then transported across the ER membrane–a process called post-translational translocation. Similar to cotranslationally translocated proteins, these proteins also use the Sec translocon complex to enter the ER lumen.
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
Targeting proteins to the ER
Hsp40 and Hsp70 chaperone molecules bind the translated proteins in the cytosol to prevent their folding. The chaperone binding helps to keep the signal...
5.8K
01:45Overview of Protein Sorting and Transport
11.7K
Eukaryotic cells have different membrane-bound organelles with distinct protein requirements. The process by which proteins are targeted to a specific organelle is called protein sorting.
Protein sorting can be of two types: signal-based sorting and vesicle-based trafficking. In signal-based sorting, specific amino acid sequences called sorting signals target proteins to the proper location inside the cell either via gated transport or by protein translocation. In gated transport, folded...
Protein sorting can be of two types: signal-based sorting and vesicle-based trafficking. In signal-based sorting, specific amino acid sequences called sorting signals target proteins to the proper location inside the cell either via gated transport or by protein translocation. In gated transport, folded...
11.7K
01:20Cotranslational Protein Translocation
7.5K
Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
7.5K