Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 12, 2025

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
Published on: October 16, 2021
3D echocardiography in mitral valve prolapse
Valentina Mantegazza1,2, Paola Gripari1, Gloria Tamborini1
1Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
Abstract:
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the leading cause of mitral valve surgery. Echocardiography is the principal imaging modality used to diagnose MVP, assess the mitral valve morphology and mitral annulus dynamics, and quantify mitral regurgitation. Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiographic (3DE) imaging represents a consistent innovation in cardiovascular ultrasound in the last decades, and it has been implemented in routine clinical practice for the evaluation of mitral valve diseases. The focus of this review is the role and the advantages of 3DE in the comprehensive evaluation of MVP, intraoperative and intraprocedural monitoring.
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