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Related Concept Videos

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview

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The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
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Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Overview01:27

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Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) is a technique used to analyze elements by measuring electromagnetic radiation (EMR) absorbed by atoms, which causes them to transition to a higher-energy orbit. The most crucial step in AAS is atomization, where the analyte is converted into gas-phase atoms, typically through a flame or furnace. Some of these atoms become thermally excited in the flame, while most remain in the ground state.
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IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
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Ultraviolet and Visible (UV–Vis) Spectroscopy: Overview01:02

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Ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible or UV–Vis) spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the interaction between matter and UV–Vis light within the electromagnetic spectrum. This method is widely used for its versatility, simplicity, and relatively quick data acquisition, making it valuable for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When UV–Vis radiation passes through a material,  molecules absorb light depending on the energy required for...
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2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

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Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other...
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Raman Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Raman Spectroscopy: Overview

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The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
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Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Real-Time Monitoring of Neurocritical Patients with Diffuse Optical Spectroscopies
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Diffuse correlation spectroscopy: current status and future outlook.

Stefan A Carp1, Mitchell B Robinson1, Maria A Franceschini1

  • 1Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Optics at Martinos Research Group, Charlestown, Massachusetts, United States.

Neurophotonics
|January 27, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) offers noninvasive deep tissue perfusion assessment. Ongoing research aims to overcome technical limitations for wider adoption in neuromonitoring and other fields.

Keywords:
blood flowdiffuse correlation spectroscopyinterferometric detectionmultispeckle detectionnear-infraredpathlength-resolved detection

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical optics
  • Medical instrumentation
  • Physiological monitoring

Background:

  • Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) is a noninvasive near-infrared light technique for assessing deep tissue perfusion.
  • Applications are expanding into neuromonitoring and other critical care areas.
  • Current technical limitations hinder broader clinical and research adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) technology.
  • To summarize advancements aimed at overcoming existing technical barriers.
  • To outline future development directions and remaining challenges for DCS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and technological advancements in DCS.
  • Exploration of interferometric methods for improved signal detection.
  • Investigation of camera-based multispeckle detection and long path photon selection for enhanced depth sensitivity.

Main Results:

  • DCS is a versatile tool for deep tissue perfusion assessment.
  • Several approaches are being explored to enhance measurement performance and reduce costs.
  • Improvements focus on interferometric methods, camera-based detection, and photon selection.

Conclusions:

  • Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) shows significant promise for noninvasive tissue perfusion monitoring.
  • Addressing technical limitations is crucial for wider adoption in neuromonitoring and beyond.
  • Continued research and development are needed to overcome challenges and realize the full potential of DCS technology.