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Liddle syndrome is a genetically inherited form of hypertension characterized by the overactivity of epithelial sodium channels in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney. This heightened activity leads to increased sodium reabsorption and excessive excretion of potassium. To counteract this, potassium-sparing diuretics such as amiloride are used. They function by blocking these sodium channels, thereby reducing the influx of sodium into the epithelial cells and minimizing the loss of...
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Water balance disorders are medical conditions that occur when there is a deviation from the body's water volume or osmolarity, disrupting normal homeostasis and leading todehydration, hypotonic hydration, hyperhydration, edema, or water intoxication.
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Hypothyroidism Induced Hyponatremia: A Case Report.

Gyabina Maharjan1, Mandeep Kumar Yadav2, Nirajan Khati3

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JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical Association
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PubMed
Summary

Severe hyponatremia can be a symptom of hypothyroidism. Prompt diagnosis and treatment of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) deficiency, alongside fluid restriction, can resolve this serious electrolyte imbalance.

Keywords:
case reports; hyponatremia; hypothyroidism; myxedema coma.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Thyroid hormones regulate water and electrolyte balance, impacting renal physiology.
  • Hyponatremia, a critical electrolyte disorder, presents with diverse systemic effects and complications.

Observation:

  • A 62-year-old female presented with severe hyponatremia (serum sodium 110 meq/l) and altered mental status.
  • Other potential causes of hyponatremia were systematically excluded.

Findings:

  • The patient was diagnosed with hypothyroidism as the underlying cause of her severe hyponatremia.
  • Treatment of hypothyroidism led to the complete resolution of hyponatremic symptoms.

Implications:

  • Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) testing is crucial in the diagnostic workup of hyponatremia.
  • Management should include fluid restriction and targeted treatment of underlying hypothyroidism for effective hyponatremia resolution.