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Autistic traits of children born very preterm assessed using Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition

Yukiyo Nagai1, Yuko Mizutani2, Kayo Nomura3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Aichi, Japan.

Early Human Development
|January 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children born very preterm show similar autism spectrum disorder (ASD) traits compared to term-born children. This study found no significant differences in autistic traits, suggesting preterm birth may not alter core ASD characteristics.

Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) incidence is higher in preterm births.
  • Clinical differences exist between preterm and term-born ASD individuals, but autistic traits appear similar cross-sectionally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare autistic traits in children born very preterm versus term-born, using standardized diagnostic tools.
  • To investigate if preterm birth influences the severity or presentation of autism spectrum disorder.

Main Methods:

  • Compared very preterm (n=50) and term-born (n=16) children diagnosed with ASD.
  • Utilized Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd edition (ADOS-2) calibrated severity scores.
  • Assessed using Social Responsiveness Scale, 2nd edition (SRS-2) T-scores.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in ADOS-2 calibrated severity scores between preterm and term-born ASD groups.
  • A non-significant trend for lower SRS-2 T-scores in the preterm cohort was observed.
  • Detailed assessment using ADOS-2 revealed no discernible differences in autistic traits.

Conclusions:

  • Preterm birth does not appear to significantly alter core autistic traits as measured by ADOS-2 and SRS-2.
  • Findings align with previous research indicating no difference in original ADOS scores.
  • Further research in larger prospective cohorts is needed to explore subtle effects of preterm birth on ASD and parental perception.

Keywords:
Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd editionAutism spectrum disorderVery preterm birth

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