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Measuring Oral Fatty Acid Thresholds, Fat Perception, Fatty Food Liking, and Papillae Density in Humans
Published on: June 4, 2014
Correlation between free fatty acids content and textural properties of Gouda cheese supplemented with denatured whey
Raid Ibrahem El-Metwally1, Reham Kamal El-Menawy1, Magdy Mohamed Ismail1
1Dairy Technology Research Department, Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Abstract:
In this study, the denatured whey protein paste (DWPP) was used to improve the texture characterizations of Gouda cheese. Five treatments of cheese were manufactured by adding 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% of DWPP to cheese curd. Fortification of Gouda cheese with DWPP increased values of moisture, salt in moisture, water-soluble nitrogen/total nitrogen and non-protein nitrogen/total nitrogen whereas decreased values of density and free oil. The cheese contained DWPP was lighter and more yellowish compared to the control. The cheese samples contained 1 and 2% DWPP exhibited a significant increase in hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, gumminess and chewiness values while, the cheese samples that contained 3 and 4% DWPP exhibited a significant decrease. Adding DWPP to cheese lowered saturated fatty acids and raised unsaturated fatty acid (USFA) values which partially caused a lowering in cheese hardness at high levels of DWPP because of the low melting points of USFA. Based on these results, supplementation of Gouda cheese with 1 or 2% DWPP improved the texture properties.
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