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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 12, 2025

Author Spotlight: Deciphering Electrical Networks Behind Complex Brain Activities and Disorders
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Modifiable factors for migraine prophylaxis: A mendelian randomization analysis.

Hui Zheng1, Yun-Zhou Shi1, Jing-Tao Liang2

  • 1The Third Hospital/Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|January 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Higher education, light exercise, vitamin B12, and coffee intake may protect against migraine. Conversely, stress, anxiety, and low eicosapentaenoic acid levels appear to increase migraine risk.

Keywords:
mendelian randomizationmigraine prophylaxismodifiable risk factorspublic healthschooling

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Epidemiology
  • Neurology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Migraine is a complex neurological disorder with several potentially modifiable risk factors.
  • Understanding the causal relationships between these factors and migraine is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal impact of 51 potentially modifiable risk factors on the pathogenesis of migraine without aura (MwoA) and migraine with aura (MwA).

Main Methods:

  • Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted using large-scale genetic data from the UK Biobank, FinnGen Biobank, and MRC IEU OpenGWAS.
  • An inverse-variance weighted (IVW) model assessed the association between risk factors and migraine in over 180,000 individuals.
  • Statistical significance was determined using a Bonferroni-corrected threshold (p = 9.8 × 10⁻⁴) for primary analyses.

Main Results:

  • Increased years of schooling showed a significant protective effect against MwoA (OR 0.57).
  • Suggestive protective associations for MwoA included higher vitamin B12 intake and lower stress or anxiety disorder levels.
  • For MwA, suggestive protective factors included higher coffee intake and light physical activity, while lower eicosapentaenoic acid status was associated with increased risk.

Conclusions:

  • Years of schooling, light physical activity, vitamin B12 intake, and coffee intake emerged as protective factors for migraine.
  • Stress, anxiety, and eicosapentaenoic acid status were identified as potentially harmful factors.
  • These findings suggest that interventions targeting these modifiable factors could aid in migraine prophylaxis.