Medical transition for gender diverse patients.

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Transgender Health
• Medical Research

Background:

• Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is a critical component of care for many transgender and gender diverse individuals.
• Understanding the efficacy, risks, and long-term implications of GAHT is essential for providing optimal patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To offer a comprehensive review of current gender-affirming hormone therapy.
• To detail available hormone regimens, their effectiveness, and potential risks.
• To outline surveillance and long-term care considerations for patients undergoing GAHT.

Main Methods:

• This review synthesizes findings from recent cohort studies and existing literature.
• It examines data on the physical and psychological effects of hormone therapy.
• The review also considers the limitations of current research, particularly the lack of randomized controlled trials.

Main Results:

• Recent evidence indicates that GAHT yields positive physical and psychological outcomes for many transgender individuals.
• The overall risks associated with GAHT are considered low.
• While some studies suggest potential increased risks of venous thromboembolism and breast cancer in transgender women, these require further confirmation.

Conclusions:

• Current evidence suggests that gender-affirming hormone therapy is generally safe and effective when administered with appropriate medical supervision.
• Long-term health considerations, including metabolic, cardiovascular, and skeletal well-being, necessitate ongoing monitoring.
• Further high-quality, long-term research is needed to fully elucidate the safety and effectiveness profiles of various GAHT regimens.